You can make statistical conclusions in some cases. I.e. if you take robberies, and you know that X% of robberies are commonly reported and you know that in Y% of robberies reported robbers were male, and you know that robberies committed by males and females reported with same frequency (note these are hypothetical assumptions, for the sake of example) - you can estimate how many robberies were committed by males, based on certain report statistics - not only on convictions. Of course, this would not be exact - statistics is not meant to be, the whole point is generalizing - but it would show the trends present in the data.