I've done the DSP work at a high level using Matlab. What I want is to be able to deploy it in the browser, using the FFTW library on the host system, such that whatever audio is emanating from the browser due to an open page, like a music or movie player, is is passed through my DSP filter (which also has an interactive control panel) before being sent to the underlying system's audio sink.

I'm a DSP guy and completely naive relative to web programming. Does this sound like something for which the web audio api is appropriate?

The most obvious deployment to me would be a plugin, assuming one can access the outgoing audio stream, but that would not, of course, be browser agnostic.