We use Lua for the WAF (as Mike says), but also for all request processing. This is in part because we use Nginx and in part because employ agentzh (http://agentzh.org/) and he works on OpenResty. Fairly recently we moved all processing of requests through CloudFlare to a Lua-based system inside Nginx.
That's >5B pages views per 24 hours going through LuaJIT-ed code.