It's an international standard: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601
1) ISO 8601
2) A world of hurt
Source: experience. Not using the standard invites things to break, but only on a some machines, and only on or after the 13th of the month. Of course the data for the first few days of the month will be present, just wrong.
Slightly related insanity: Using localtime (i.e. not UTC) for log timestamps. And then having fun once a year dissecting the one hour that has twice as many messages.
Hyphen-minus would lead to too easy confusion with the date part. Fixed-width fields can be hard to read.
Ex: 2013-12-16_1741.txt and the like.