What about rapidly moving an illuminated object? Tiny LED connected to tiny battery?
(Fun experiment: stick some Christmas light bulbs in the rim of a disposable bowl, fill it with a cup of water, and microwave it for a dozen seconds :)
Probably easier to just use a fluorescing material though. One might approach it as an optimization, using a scanning light to illuminate the particles, but the sound waves to keep the particle densities high where they need to be and low where no illumination is needed. It would make the apparent hologram easier to see through while maintaining brightness.