It appears this only works if you're using an account that you've already logged into from that IP address.

If you try someone else's phone number, it has a placeholder profile picture, says "Facebook User", and has censored out email addresses to send a recovery email too.

I'm guessing everyone here is using their own phone number to test with which yields a lot more information than if you were to try it with a phone number of a friend whose never logged into Facebook from your network.