Those "set" and "get" calls are a great example: they're an unfortunately necessary workaround for Javascript's lack of real dynamic message dispatching (like Ruby's method_missing). We all look forward to ES6 fixing this.
The run loop is another example. It's a gross hack that wouldn't be necessary in a nicer language that managed its own runloop internally. Javascript developers who are ignorant of other paradigms often make the false claim that all the callback-driven asynchronicity is worth it because of performance, but they fail to realize that you can have exactly the same asynchronous architecture while writing code that reads synchronously.