Hold on. First, GPG servers are susceptible to the same type of attack, except they would never be used that way. You never look up a person by email, the send them an encrypted message using the key you get. Instead, you verify their key and email address out of band: you meet them, check their credentials, then sign the key. Keybase is trying to get rid of the in-person verification, an effort I applaud, but in favor of a much weaker check: whether a few centralized accounts had been compromised.
The other part, where you check Maria's Twitter and GitHub accounts, means that a few things like Twitter, and GitHub are impervious to Chloe: a tall order and a centralized one at that.
Once again, is the point here for me to get a tuple of (email address, public GPG key) so I can email Maria securely? If so, then someone somewhere has to prove that this tuple fetched from the public key servers is valid.
If the point is to only communicate via keybase.io, then the service is centralized, and useless once actual sensitive info is exchanged, the US government takes notice and shuts it down at the DNS level.