> Overall it is a higher-level language, whereas C is designed for maximum performance.
I agree with most of your points, but on this I think you are comparing apples to oranges. C is not designed for maximum performance, but as a system language and as such only as slim abstraction over assembler. As a side effect it allows for maximum performance. A more fair comparison (pretty much every widely used language is easier to use than C) would be C++ vs. Python, where in C++ most - if not all - of the higher level abstractions were explicitly designed not to worsen performance compared to low level code. And in my opinion Python is so much easier to use than C++ because it values simplicity and consistency more than efficiency.
For example the general loop constructions in Python which are possible because of nice generators and the wonderfully straightforward `yield` construction are unacceptable in C++ as they lack the flexibility to be as efficient as possible in every case.
The advantage of dynamic typing only becomes apparent in a third argumentative step; when you try build a language with consistent and efficient abstraction and you end up with something like Haskell whose type system complexity is huge entry barrier. That's why I think dynamic typing is good for Python.