I think this must be a standard ARM thing. The nRF51822 Cortex M0 (with BLE) from Nordic can do something very similar.

They call it PPI (Programmable Peripheral Interface). All the peripherals (timers, ports, low power comparator, even a quadrature decoder) have "events" and "tasks" and you can wire them up as you please. It's pretty neat. Doesn't have any op-amps or capacitative sensing circuits though.