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I'm not saying its not legitimate copyrightable work. I'm saying the claims are hard to verify. There's no content id for closed source code. There's not even manual identification or just skimming to see if the claim might even have merit. All you have is a complaint.

This is different from when its say a song. Its not hard to look at the song and say "yep thats metallica".

Sort of fuzzy in some countries. In Australia categorising data is something not protected by copyright, say a phone books listings of numbers, because there's only one way to do that and there's no creative process involved. Some code could probably be argued to fit into that as well.

All open source software licenses rely on copyright to have any effect, not GPL in particular.