Here's my understanding based on the article alone; would love corrections if I'm wildly missing the mark here.

Let's say you want to determine if a coin is fair, but you don't know any statistics. What you can do is write a program (model) that represents the fair coin flip process. It might be as simple as:

    flips = [random.choice([True, False]) for x in range(0, 10)]

Then you flip your coin 10 times and feed the output into your program, and it gives you some indication of the probability that the coin is fair.