That's a great question and I had wondered the same after reading the coinbase site the other day. How do they keep the balance between buyers and sellers and shield against that volatility? Further even if they do that today, this week, etc what will happen if there is an event in the future which alters the market?
Right now it seems like there is a "rising tide" which might be working in coinbase's favor. [1]
[1] This is more of a question than a statement and I'd be curious what others think along these lines.
If you want an answer, it is easy: companies like coinbase or bitpay know very well what they are doing, and participate in the market in ways that minimise the exposure risk. OP does not deserve to be top post in a site that is supposed to have quality debate like HN.
So the question is: how they do it?