Indeed — you can't even represent 0.1 in IEEE floating point, so who in their right mind would try to build a measuring system on tenths?
Not true, the IEEE 754-2008 standard provides a Decimal Floating Point specification in binary.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decimal_floating_point#IEEE_754...
I'll counter with the Ferranti Orion (1959) which had mixed-base operations (primarily for £sd accounting).