I am a researcher at a nonprofit research institution that does both basic and clinical research. When I work with MDs (or MD/PhDs), it is usually to analyze clinical and/or genomic data that they have collected from patients. Sometimes I am roped into building web applications either for data analysis or patient questionnaires. Once in a while, I develop prototype algorithms to aid in diagnosis from e.g., histology images.

The ratio of research to clinical practice for MD(/PhD)s is basically whatever you want it to be. At my institution, it seems more like 70% research / 30% clinical on average, but that's because it's a research institution with a clinic, not a clinic that does some research. Several of the MDs I work with have dropped clinical practice altogether for full-time research as well.

Also at my institution there are researchers and/or clinicians who spend most of their time on building a business. The administration very much encourages this because they get a cut of the IP royalties. In academia, your value is basically proportional to the money you bring in, so these people are actually treated like gods.

Basically, there are a LOT of jobs out there; if you are qualified and productive, you can easily find one that suits your preferences.

(I have no hard data on what specialties are more or less likely to automate. I would expect GPs/family practitioners to be the least likely, but who knows.)