I think you could boil everything down to "time pressure" and not have any good insights on a problem. For us our technical debt came in the form of resource constraints, namely not having enough money to hire someone to be able to do a task in the most optimal way. Sure we didn't have years and years to learn a new codebase but I don't consider that "time pressure" in the same sense.
I do think in general though if you are "hacking" on a product, you are almost by definition not building it in the most optimal way. In general things are left out or overly complex, whether it be documentation or streamlined code or building with a non-native SDK instead of native development technical debt sneaks in there.