The story really doesn't involve Twitter much at all.
Incidentally, her title references "social media" rather than Twitter, which I think is right; it's not hard to imagine, say, Facebook playing the same role. What's relevant is that she got word of her plight out to a network of people in a way that would be harder to do otherwise, and that feedback from this network led to a fundamentally different outcome than that experienced (I imagine) by most people with broken spines who are having unnecessary surgery and narcotics forced on them against their will.
And then yet back on the other hand, as you say, there is no friend requirement so those big personality types could really only amplify their voice in that way over Twitter.