If you own a house in a nice quiet street, and someone buys the place next door and wants to turn it into an inn, you'd expect to be consulted about that, right? You'd presumably expect that if everyone else in the street also objects, then planning consent for that business should be denied. If your inn analogy holds, then AirBnB provides no such opportunity for consultation.
The problem of high ratios of short-term occupants destroying communities is well known. The canonical example in the UK is student lets - landlords buy up properties close to universities and let them to students, over time the long term residents are forced out, leading to more and more student housing. These areas attract crime and other social problems because the community is vacant. This is why many councils in the UK restrict the number of HMOs (Houses in Multiple Occupancy) in a given street or area, presumably this happens other places too.
There are good reasons for regulating something like AirBnB or Uber, and it will happen, it just takes lawmakers a little while to catch up.