The earliest reference to an index in the English language is from 1593 [0]: I don't really think it qualifies as a "A little known hack from Japan".
That said, physical journaling is a hard habit to keep :) I feel like I've tried every trick under the sun. Bullet Journal seemed to work for a while, http://www.bulletjournal.com/ [no affiliation], but it's still tough to rigorously keep an index up to date when you just want to jot down something quickly.