Quotas are not the answer... (I can't think of anything I've read recently that hinted as such)
The answer is similar to the answer for problems that have been recently highlighted by the Ferguson catastrofuck.
And that answer is to figure out how to remove systemic and often institutionalized biases and narratives that have been baked into our society and in turn the heads of individuals growing up and living in it. That's the first step. The second is to figure out a solution to the income inequality that opens so many doors for some, and keeps them closed for so many others. It's about creating a fair playing field for everyone, where a theoretical, honest to god meritocracy could actually perhaps exist.
How does one go about doing that? No fucking clue.