I have yet to see real proof that airline companies get you to pay a higher fare by tracking your searches/browsing. While I'm sure you saw a $50 difference, it was likely a slightly different search, which is almost always what happens when people claim they've noticed this.
About a year ago, someone on reddit went out and offered a year of reddit gold for anyone that could, there was nobody: https://www.reddit.com/r/LifeProTips/comments/1ekv6e/lpt_bou...
As recently as last week, someone claimed they had reproduced, but they used slightly different search params and ended up with something totally different: http://www.reddit.com/r/travel/comments/2okml5/for_anyone_pl...
This myth is rife with anecdotal proof, but I've yet to see anything concrete.