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Here's a great article giving an even more indepth look at camera sensor technology: http://www.olympusmicro.com/primer/digitalimaging/cmosimages...

Though that only describes the Bayer array (which is used by most cameras except for Fujifilm and Sigma).

Fujifilm's mirrorless cameras use what they call X-Trans CMOS sensor tech - http://www.fujifilm.eu/uk/products/digital-cameras/interchan...