In my opinion the only way they could have made it work was to start small and iterate. Start with a health record which was: NHS no, name, dob and make sure everyone is using it first,
then start to build APIs which let people add data from the various services to that record and control access etc.
You simply can't design a system from the top down to deal with something as complex and multi-disciplinary as a birth or a lifetime of health records, in fact no one system could probably cope with all those demands, even if it only catered to a few medical specialties - even just between GPs, Surgeons, Anaesthetists and Dentists there are huge gulfs in requirements, let alone bringing in other public services like the police. On top of that people are happy with existing systems and will resist change to some centralised system if you try a big bang approach. So I disagree that it is all or nothing, or even could feasibly be done as an all or nothing project.