For example, the number of boys Vs. girls in China is likely going to result in either a civil war or worse another international conflict 20 years from now. An extremely unhappy population is not constructive for world peace (or even inter-China peace).
I am extremely concerned about that powder keg and everyone else should be too. What does a society do with a bunch of unhappy 20 something males typically?
And three very prominent opponents of Malthus are Marx, Engels and Lenin.
The one child policy is not particularly communist.
edit - Also, China has an insanely long literary history, if I was going to place bets I'd start looking for the sources of the one-child policy somewhere in there before going to people like Malthus or Marx. That said, the policy is without a doubt far more Malthusian than it is Marxist.
edit2 - here's a guess - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Book_of_Lord_Shang