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On the last image on the last page there's image of some copper devices with a description:

> These strange copper devices help take electric energy and convert it into kinetic energy of particles.

Pardon my ignorance, but isn't that just a fancy way of saying that it is a motor or some kind of pump?

Those are radio frequency cavities which accelerate the protons. A standing electromagnetic wave is formed which oscillates at just the right frequency so that the bunches are always accelerated as they pass from one section to the next.

Those are resonant cavities, the RF pushes the particles.

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