My friend's a teacher and the stories she tells me give me a glimpse into it. She's been in an intercity school for about 3 years now and so far, yearly:
* 3-4 of her students will be shot dead within a mile of their home or school * 10+ of her students will be in jail or in juvenile detention for a significant amount of time, usually on drug-related charged * 5+ of her students will have a child and miss a significant amount of time * 1-2 of her students will be pulled out of class and beaten by a rival gang
That doesn't even include the kids who work jobs, drug related or otherwise, outside of school to support their families.
Reforming education will be a side effect of working to improve society. Any attempt to reform education without looking at the environment the kids live in will fail.