The German DCF77 signals may not be considered a protected broadcast in Denmark. It is possible that the DCF77 signals are just too weak.
But yes, the Radio Licensing Authorities have incredible powers in most countries, but these only apply in cases of extreme danger, eg someone is jamming an aircraft channel in an emergency. In normal situations, they must apply for a search warrant as would other civilian authorities.
(the idea of the FCC breaking someone's door down and taking their equipment is pretty funny to me, although I can't say for sure it's never happened)
The legal argument is that by using the public spectrum to transmit, you have agreed to FCC enforcement of such. Thus, you have tacitly agreed that the FCC in fact does not need a warrant to investigate, or seize your equipment, if they determine that that is an appropriate action.
I think this is beyond a flimsy argument, but it is the argument. It needs more looking over in courts, frankly. Seems like it could be easily abused.
But even if emission limits are not exceeded VLF-based radio-clocks near the loop will still have much more noise to contend with.
How long do these mowers run for? Do they run continuously or for one hour every month?
Here in Denmark they usually run at least three times a week, but very often every day of the week.
How many hours they run each time depends mostly on the ratio of the lawn-size to the mower-width.