>Ace Hardware is a retailer-owned cooperative. Where the franchise board is owned by the member franchises.
The Ace Hardware franchise requires ~$1 million[1] in startup costs to open a store and be part of the "co-op". Most employees don't have that kind of money and they don't have the collateral to secure a $1 million loan from the bank. When the ticket for admission into the "co-op" costs $1 million, that's not the type of co-op people are discussing. The REI stores co-op is also not a good example of what workers are thinking about. REI is not employee-owned.
I think we need to level-set. When threads pop up about cooperatives, the driving sentiment is from typical workers/employees who don't like the corporate ownership structure (founder has equity worth millions/billions, and/or CEO is drawing $500,000+ salary, etc).
Therefore, the co-op structure where all employees are also the owners and share the profits looks very attractive. The problem is it will end up being a modest business. E.g. a cooperative of IT consultants. The IT Consultants Co-Op don't need members to contribute $1 million each to capitalize the business; they just start billing clients right away. They can pool their modest funds from their hourly billings to buy the shared office a laser printer and a coffee machine.
It would be great if a cutting edge big company (like Google, Amazon, or SpaceX) with ambitious and very expensive goals (driverless cars, drone delivery, Mars colony) could be "employee-owned" but it can't. Employees don't have the money.
[1] http://www.franchisechatter.com/2013/08/31/franchise-costs-2...