HN is not an academic paper. If you have an issue with the information in the articles, then please put forth some criticisms rather than weak appeals to authority.
Im also quite sure dogs did not evolve to eat canned dog food laden with broken beaks, brain, spinal cord tissue, bones, lungs, intestinal tracts from slaughterhouse wastes of dead, dying, diseased or disabled animals
It's funny you say that, because dogs/wolves are considered scavengers. So... yeah, they kind of did. (Though apparently, the domesticated dog has a better ability to process starch - helps when you're living with humans who use it as a staple)
The whole thing about cats being strict or obligate carnivores is because they've lost the ability to, for example, synthesize vitamin A from beta carotene. They can't process carbs as well because they have little to no need to do so. Their digestive tract is short, and their gut fauna isn't meant to process plant matter, so most of it goes through untouched.
What I'm getting at is, forcing your personal choices on a pet is a pretty awful thing to do, shelter work, supplements, or otherwise. Your friends might be nice people who mean well and love their pets, but they are dangerously uneducated in this matter.