On Windows 10 you can opt-out as well. In fact, using Microsoft account is an opt-in while installing. You can just make a local account and certain features would be off by default. If you try to access them it will remind you that you need an MS account to access them.

The fundamental problem with this privacy policy is the scary wording. When Gmail first came out, Google was (probably) the first company to read emails to figure out ads. But they enforced the not-touched-by-human-handsiness claim hard throughout. MS, on the other hand, not only says it will collect data but again and again mentions "disclose when necessary." There are too many uses of "disclose." It almost sounds like they will just hand over data without much conviction.