Merrill

Write software that runs on bare metal, rather than on top of inefficient stacks.

The difference is that serfs are attached to the manor instead of being owned by the planter. Thus, serfs are not sold, but change lords by inheritance, marriage, or other changes in land rights. Europe was so densely populated that serfs probably had little or no cash value. If you had a manor, you already had serfs.

Making iron requires bringing together iron ore, coal, and limestone in a furnace. These are heavy, and transporting them by horse drawn wagons any distance is expensive.

England was fortunate in having coal mines, iron mines, and limestone quarries either co-located or on the same river so barges could be used. So once charcoal was exhausted and coking developed as the reducing agent, England had a distinct advantage in producing cheap iron.

Once cheap iron was available, it could be used for rails, wheels for mining carts, mining tools, pumps, and eventually steam engines, one thing feeding another in a virtuous cost cycle.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrous_metallurgy#Transition_... https://www.nmrs.org.uk/mines-map/coal-mining-in-the-british... https://www.nmrs.org.uk/mines-map/iron-mining-in-the-british...

Sometimes I'll buy a "Ships from amazon.com" and "Sold by XYZ Corp", but only if I recognize "XYZ Corp" as a reputable firm.

Customer ratings and reviews as a crowdsourced reputation mechanism is pretty unreliable. The Q&As are sometimes more informative.

The curious will often descend into conceptual rabbit holes and acquire conceptual knowledge as well. It's sort of anticipatory yak shaving for future projects.

There is no chance of getting new high-speed railways built through the outskirts of major metro areas, so there will always be long end sections operating at less than 90 mph.

Smaller cities along the lines will also want service, so trains will have to decelerate, loiter, and accelerate multiple times between major metro areas.

The end result is that in the US high-speed rail is impossible to build, and it would operate on average at far less than the maximum speed.

Acela on the Northeast Corridor is about as fast as it will get. Even there, Boston to NY times could be improved by realigning some tracks in eastern CT and RI to remove tight curves, but even that has not been done.

A go-kart is easier to learn and to drive than a Formula 1 car.

Why is this so complicated?

Is the total energy used for the combination of heating and cooling greater in a warm climate or a cold climate, given the same floor space and appropriate insulation and construction?

I was under the impression that less energy would be needed in Dallas than in Chicago, but I don't have actual data.

But the roof leaked.

I also worked here. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Rochester

That said, I realize that if one is headed for an advanced degree in theoretical physics, communications theory, solid state physics, etc., then the more abstract course may be the better choice.

Above that were "Divisions" managed by "Executive Directors". Divisions were in "Areas" managed by Vice Presidents, and Vice Presidents reported to Executive Vice Presidents and then to Presidents.

This appears to be a Center which prepared the official design documentation that was sent to the engineer for manufacture at Western Electric who would then work out the manufacturing processes need to produce the equipment for the telephone companies. It appears to have supported the Transmission area and the Customer Premises equipment area.

That said, I think the piece overestimates the benefits of alcohol and underestimates the benefits of solitude.

110 Volts is standard for lighting, ordinary outlets, and appliances drawing less than about 30 amps at 110 Volts such as clothes washing machines, dishwashers, furnaces, window air conditioners, etc.

Therefore, given that you have received one of each pair, the probability is 1/2 that your sibling received the same one of the pair. Thus, siblings share 1/2 of their DNA on average.

When you get to first cousins, each line of descent from the common grandparents is diluted by 1/2 from the grandparents that they do not have in common.

Thus Nth cousins share on average 1 / 2 ^(2N+1) of their DNA in the sense that the shared DNA is inherited from their common ancestor. This is the only part of their genome that would cause their phenotypes to be similar. Any other similarities between cousins is by chance or because their relatives may have married into similar ethnic groups with shared deeper ancestry.

So I've lost interest in tracking down any relatives beyond second cousins.

Conceivably they could run the economically important IT functions of the country using less powerful, easier to manufacture, less power hungry greener, and readily available semiconductors.

The Seven Years War (1756–1763) resulted in the British taking control of Canada and French possessions east of the Mississippi. The British colonies on the coast, many of which had no defined western boundary, then wished to extend westward. This was resisted by the British Crown, which asserted control from London over the new territories.

The colonists then fought the War of Independence by which then won control of the Ohio Valley and south from Britain. This enabled the colonies to expand via upstate New York and across the mountain passes.

The French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars further weakened France and Spain resulting in our acquisition of Florida and Louisiana on very favorable terms.

Encrypting traffic for privacy purposes was less important. Prior analog cellular telephony systems were unencrypted, as were analog and digital wireline services. Thus, the privacy cryptography was intended to be strong enough to make it a little more inconvenient/expensive to eavesdrop on digital cellular than it was on analog cellular or wireline services without significantly impeding law enforcement.

Everyone from the facility managers to the private equity owners assumed that the plant’s computer network was “air-gapped” -- a term referring to computers that aren’t connected to the internet or another unsecured network. But when Mission Secure installed monitoring devices to check, they discovered that a worker on the night shift was connecting his Roku device to the internet to watch episodes of “CSI: Miami.”

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-12/colonial-...

So stuff like this wouldn't happen.

This does not work for cybercrime. Cyber systems must be designed so that crime cannot happen.

But a large part of the government does not want that level of security built into systems.

It would prevent inadvertent connections between the Internet and the critical infrastructure network.

Testing in cities with grid street systems and visible lane markings during fair weather in the daytime is not informative.