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kro

252 karma · joined July 4, 2021

github.com/kronthto
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kro··on Migrating from DigitalOcean to Hetzner
Hetzner normally advertises their hardware servers as 2x 1 TB SSD, because it's strongly recommended to run them in SWraid1 for net 1TB. (Their image installer will default to that)

Once the first SSD fails after some years, and your monitoring catches that, you can either migrate to a new box, find another intermediate solution/replica, or let them hotswap it while the other drive takes on.

Of course though, going to physical servers loses redundency of the cloud, but that's something you need to price in when looking at the savings and deciding your risk model.

And yes, running this without also at least daily snapshotting/backup to remote storage is insane - that applies to cloud aswell, albeit easier to setup there.

kro··on OpenSSL 4.0.0
Nginx mainline 1.29.x supports it. So once you get that and also the openssl version on your system, good to go. Likely too late for ubuntu 26.04, maybe in debian 14 next year, or of course rolling release distros / containers.

But, in a personal/single website server, ech does not really add privacy, adversaries can still observe the IP metadata and compare what's hosted there. The real benefits are on huge cloud hosting platforms.

kro··on A new spam policy for “back button hijacking”
The URL does not even need to change, you can pushState with just a JavaScript object, catch the pop and do something like display a modal. (I use this pattern to allow closing fullscreen filter overlays the user opened)

Still, requires user interaction, on any element, once. So the crawler needs to identify and click most likely the consent/reject button. Which may not even trigger for Googlebot.

So they likely will rely on reports or maybe even Chrome field data.

kro··on A new spam policy for “back button hijacking”
It's a valid question how they detect it. As there are valid usages, just checking for the existence of the function call would not be correct.

These sites likely pushState on consent actions so it appears like any user interaction.

kro··on Simplest Hash Functions
It's very very unlikely to get collisions there, but still not impossible. Whenever you map data of arbitrary length (infinite possibilities) to a limited length collisions are possible.
kro··on A cryptography engineer's perspective on quantum computing timelines
I wonder, what is the impact of this to widely deployed smartcards like credit cards / EID passports?

Aren't they relying on asymmetrical signing aswell?

kro··on A cryptography engineer's perspective on quantum computing timelines
The argument to skip hybrid keys sounds dangerous to me. These algorithms are not widely deployed and thus real world tested at all. If there is a simple flaw, suddenly any cheap crawler pwns you while you tried to protect against state actors.
kro··on German implementation of eIDAS will require an Apple/Google account to function
It will likely display something like a QR Code with signature anyways, otherwise it's just a glorified passport picture?

Authorities/anyone could verify that it's not counterfeit. And photo should be checked anyways to match the person.

So I also don't see the need for attestation. For ID check it should be ok without. For signing stuff ofc it is not resistant to copying. But EID smartcard function already exists.

kro··on Post Mortem: axios NPM supply chain compromise
I really don't get this either, I've always removed axios when it was preinstalled in a framework.

I use "xhr" via fetch extensively, it can do everything in day to day business for years with minimal boilerplate.

(The only exception known to me being upload progress/status indication)

kro··on Installing a Let's Encrypt TLS certificate on a Brother printer with Certbot
In Q2 this year, so very soon, there will be the DNS PERSIST method, which is non rotating.
kro··on Google details new 24-hour process to sideload unverified Android apps
Not advocating for cashless only, but cash also has costs: banks charge for deposits and coinrolls, and you need to protect against robbery
kro··on SSH has no Host header
Almost certainly it does, as public key auth takes place after setting up the session encryption
kro··on Cert Authorities Check for DNSSEC from Today
I have a setup with separated dns and domain since 2021. Using a CSK with unlimited lifetime, I never had to rotate. And could easily also migrate both parts (having a copy of the key material)

Register only has public material

The master is bind9, and any semi-trusted provider can be used as slave/redundency/cdn getting zonetransfers including the RRsigs

kro··on Remotely unlocking an encrypted hard disk
TPM is good when combined with secureboot and these hashes being part of the attestation, that eliminates initramfs swapping. Still with Physical access being a factor bustapping can happen, ftpm - if available - is much harder to crack then than a discrete module.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46676919

kro··on Remotely unlocking an encrypted hard disk
TPM definitely rises the effort by a lot to break it. But by default the communication with it is not encrypted, so especially for modules not built into the cpu wire/bus-tapping is a thing.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46676919

kro··on Remotely unlocking an encrypted hard disk
Good FAQ, clearly stating the weak point of physical access. For a server that threatmodel can work, for a fleet of edge/iot devices in unsecured locations without permanent uptime there is no real solution to be expected without custom silicon logic (like in smartcards) on the soc.
kro··on Payment fees matter more than you think
In general I'm all for free and European systems, but SEPA payments imo still have pain points:

- you can send money to companies and individuals alike. It's easier to trick people into fake shop payments, a card payment provider requires at least a bit it verification/registration

- it's really hard to dispute/call back sepa payments. The card companies often step in there afaik

kro··on Robust and efficient quantum-safe HTTPS
The title is vague, my first thought was "We already have MLKEM". Which is enough against passive attackers.

The article apparently is about the CA/certs for authenticating the server, a part of HTTPS

kro··on We Do Not Support Opt-Out Forms (2025)
+1, Even if they validate DKIM/SPF+alignment (aka DMARC) that would only verify the domain. There is no local part verification possible for the receiver, the sending server needs to be trusted with proper auth
kro··on Getting a Gemini API key is an exercise in frustration
Agree, Google made it really easy here, compared to using service account certificates like with some of their other APIs.
kro··on A monopoly ISP refuses to fix upstream infrastructure
A German ISP also has an IP6 issue and confirmed it over the phone but is not fixing it. It persists for years and can be observed on multiple households I checked.

Most don't notice it, as refreshing the address or happyeyeballs works around it.

kro··on SSL Configuration Generator
It's seriously infuriating receiving these "Critical vulnerability reports" customers let other agencies do, and having to justify why you have no Referer-Policy header.

Nice to read that you are reasonable.

Also, they want a strict CSP while serving 10 different ad networks :)

kro··on How to build your own VPN, or: the history of WARP
Some people also do run Tor exit nodes on their ISP connections, of course receiving tons of abuse complaints, but apparently it's legal enough.
kro··on YouTube Removes Windows 11 Bypass Tutorials, Claims 'Risk of Physical Harm'
I installed them Mint and they said it's better than Windows due to all the built-in free apps (like public TV)
kro··on WebAssembly (WASM) arch support for the Linux kernel
Afaik wasm cannot open network sockets.

The segfault is unfortunate though

kro··on AWS multiple services outage in us-east-1
They allow netbooting to a recovery OS from which the disks can be provisioned via an ssh session too, for custom setups. Likely there are cases that require the remote "keyboard", but I wanted to mention that.
kro··on Microsoft is plugging more holes that let you use Windows 11 without MS account
True, a huge number of games work great with those.

Games requiring anti-cheat however are a big issue that still require a dual boot Windows or VM.

kro··on 'Ad Blocking Is Not Piracy' Decision Overturned by Top German Court
Likely also the in-built Firefox privacy blocking.
kro··on Emailing a one-time code is worse than passwords
They are in fact public/private keys and use signing a challenge for authentication.
kro··on Sign in with Google in Chrome
What is there to fallback to I wonder - 3rd party cookies should be deprecated/blocked by now, so how can the gsi script retrieve google session information?
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