maxlybbert

I personally had better experiences getting license plates than getting drivers licenses. But they are very different transactions, and issuing license plates seems much simpler to me. And I had good experiences getting a drivers license in smaller towns; the only time I waited for hours in an NC DMV was in a large city. And I would choose that experience again over the California DMV, or the Nevada DMV, but not the New Jersey DMV (which they call the MVC).

The argument is always that a private mail company would deliver mail to the cheapest places first (like the American Letter Mail Company did) and the US post office would get stuck with the unprofitable mail. But that could be addressed by just requiring any mail company to deliver to all addresses. Instead we have a law that just requires companies charge more than the post office.

I thought about making a comment on essential oils in my original comment, but chickened out.

Years ago, I read a roleplaying book ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orkworld ) that had a throwaway comment that many ancient civilizations had decent medical care for injuries, but good care for disease was much less common. Ancient Romans, Egyptians, Chinese, Mayans, and others mastered various forms of surgery. They even recognized that some materials (such as silver staples) were better for closing wounds because they would be less likely to get infected.

But disease was always much harder to understand. It's usually hard to tell if somebody got better because of treatment, or because they were just going to get better ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_touch ), and (sadly) if everybody got the same treatment, it wasn't always obvious when the treatment killed people ( https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-e... : George Washington died because he received drastic treatment for a sore throat; including having a doctor remove about half of the blood in his body. People at the time didn't realize that the treatment was the problem, they just believed that sore throats were incredibly dangerous ("George Washington then called for Tobias Lear. Lear recorded that Washington told him, '... I believed from the first that the disorder would prove fatal'")).

I honestly once thought it would be cool to have a TV series based on the Knights Hospitallers, but realized they’d just be bleeding people in every episode (different time period, same idea: https://smbc-comics.com/comic/chirugeon ). Our understanding of germs is very recent. The 1896 book “The Chemistry of Cookery” ( https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/53458 ) says “I should add that this germ theory of disease is disputed by some who maintain that the source of the diseases attributed to such microbia is chemical poison, the microbia (i.e. little living things) are merely accidental, or creatures fed on the disease-producing poison.” That is, even at the end of the 1800s, whether bacteria caused illness was still disputed.

During the black death, the people did the best they could with the knowledge they had. But we can do better with the knowledge we have, and that's easy to prove based on comparing modern recovery rates to what they were in Europe in the 1300s. It would be depressing if medical science hadn’t improved in the last 700 years.

But they did eventually connect plague outbreaks to rats, and killed the rats in the name of public health.

Today we have very effective antibiotics, better knowledge of the body to offer supportive care, and even knowledge about how the plague is transmitted so we can have more effective public health actions.

Hardly a new idea. And Uber didn’t create it, they just do it well.

There are differences, but they’re usually esoteric ( https://perldoc.perl.org/perlport#PLATFORMS ).

Students from low income families can qualify for completely free lunch, and others can qualify for drastically reduced prices for lunch.

I don’t know if there are any federal requirements about how to handle students who forget or lose their lunch money, or students who normally bring their lunches to school but somehow forget or lose them. Most schools will have a specific policy, such as providing the food to the student and requesting the money later. The “debt” in question is between the school and the student, not between the school and its suppliers.

There is a relatively new policy (maybe ten years old) that schools with a large number of low income students can provide free breakfast and lunch to all students ( https://www.fns.usda.gov/cn/cep ), so school lunch debt would be an issue in areas doing just a little better than that.

When my children were in school, their school said that anybody who didn’t have lunch would be given a “sun butter” sandwich and food from the cafeteria. I wasn’t familiar with sun butter; it’s peanut butter made from sunflower seeds, because people allergic to peanuts may not be allergic to sunflower seeds.

But about a month ago, the Court did rule people who the government wanted to send to El Salvador have a due process right to challenge that decision in regular federal court as a habeas corpus proceeding ( https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/24pdf/24a931_2c83.pdf ). They later issued an order that the people covered by the original ruling cannot be deported based on the Alien Enemy Act until further notice ( https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/041925zr_c18... ).

I think most of the weirdness comes from the fact that entering the country illegally, or remaining in the country illegally can be crimes, but they can also be civil offenses. “Civil” means no jail time, but people still get deported without going to criminal court.

“Civil” also means “doesn’t have to be proven beyond a reasonable doubt,” and “no constitutional right to a public defender.” Immigration law tries to provide limited forms of some of those ideas. There’s a kind of bail system, and people have a right to be represented by attorneys, but no right for those attorneys to be paid by the government. There is somebody referred to as an immigration judge, and they have a federal job, but they aren’t regular federal judges.

It’s possible to appeal an immigration court’s decision to a federal district court to get into the legal system we’re more familiar with.

* https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/IF11536

* https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/IF12158

* https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/LSB10559

* https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/LSB10362

But since a compiler can do anything when a program is ill-defined, if a line of code could be well-defined in some cases and ill-defined in others, a compiler is allowed to only handle the well-defined cases, knowing that it will do the “wrong” thing when something about the code is undefined (because in that case, there is no “right” or “wrong” behavior.

This does lead to weird things:

    auto val = *ptr;
    if (!ptr) {
        . . .
    }

On my laptop, sizeof(long) is 8; that's implementation defined. It could be different on my phone, or my desktop, or my work laptop.

Undefined means, roughly, "doing X is considered nonsensical, and the compiler does not have to do anything reasonable with code that does X." In "Design and Evolution of C++," Stroustrup says that undefined behavior applies to things that should be errors, but that for some reason the committee doesn't think the compiler will necessarily be able to catch. When he came up with new ideas for the language, he would often have to choose between making a convoluted rule that his compiler could reliably enforce, or a simple rule that his compiler couldn't always give a sensible error message for.

For instance, the original compilers relied on the system's linker. If the compiler could interact with the linker, it could perhaps detect violations of the One Definition Rule ( https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/definition ), but since the linker might have been written by a completely different company, and it's acceptable for different source files to be compiled by different compilers (and even be written in other languages -- https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/language_linkage ) and put together by the linker, and it's common for binary libraries to be sold without source, there's no guarantee that the compiler will ever have the information necessary to detect a violation of the One Definition Rule. So the committee says that violations create a nonsense program, which isn't required to behave in any particular way.

Regardless of which ethnic group, sexual orientation, nationality, etc. I belong to, if I want to get an NSF grant, I have to fill out certain paperwork. And, apparently, it’s expected that I would write how my proposal will make the world a better place based on how it impacts DEI factors. The comment is that it doesn’t actually matter what I say there, since everybody says the same thing. There’s never a case where the NSF isn’t sure about whether to grant funds, and then decides that the way one project impacts DEI makes it better than another project.

How would the corporate charter affect the fairness of how the auction was conducted?

If the president actually has the authority to send troops into combat without a declaration of war, then Congress can’t take it away from him, just like Congress can’t make it illegal to veto bills.

The War Powers Act doesn’t really set any punishment for the president if he ignores it. It effectively says that if the president does certain things (consult with Congress, follow certain timelines, issue reports) then Congress won’t complain. Presidents have generally followed those procedures without admitting that’s what they’re doing (they issue reports “consistent with” the Act, but never admit the report was required by the Act). But if a president completely ignores those requirements, Congress has to figure out what to do about it; which is exactly what would happen if the Act didn’t exist.