mousethatroared

Put a motor-generator pair next the solar or wind farm and the problem of frequency stabilization is largely solved. Adds a big flywheel for more initial mass.

But now you've changed the economics by adding a big, inefficient (0.95*0.95%), and expensive piece of equipment.

If they can do the higher skilled jobs.

Otherwise by friend, a driver with spotless driving record and very poor English, is unemployable with two kids to feed.

AI cant savage the laptop class fast enough.

For short term stabilization, say within time constant of fifteen minutes, of course you use hydro or nat gas.

But the electrical industry makes very careful predictions of the next day's power consumption; that is within a time frame that coal can easily respond to.

Since coal is expensive and dirty, they end up supplying the marginal production. Ie the buses run on coal.

But why keep coal at all though? One advantage coal over has is that you can store massive amounts of energy in a pile just outside the plant. Only nuclear plants can store such massive amount of energy locally.

This storage ability is heavily used in the North East to toughen the grid in the winter where gas pipeline pressure drops due to heating demand.

As to oil, it is actually still used, albeit intermittently and then rarely [1] It is usually used in plants that are primarily non-oil burning. Again, the advantage is that oil is far easier to store than nat gas.

Note that, since oil has a lot more carbon than methane and since oil extraction, at least in the USA, is very energy intensive, oil contribution to GHG is far greater than it's 1% of the energy mix would suggest.

And its all in the margins where the EV bus gets charged.

[1] https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=31232

Never realized there were stories i couldn't comment.

Then again, Im not in CS so the job by boards posts are never interesting to me

"HN uses unobtrusive text ads"

HN has ads? I've been on some 2011 and I have never seen them...

And people who care more for gatekeeping will stick to academic echo chambers. The list of community driven medical discoveries encountering entrenched professional opposition is quite long.

Both models are fallible, which is why discernment is so important.

You cite the form you encountered and if you're any good of a researcher you will have encountered the original 4chan anon post, Borges' short story, or Chomsky's linguistic paper.

Ya, Vendee really protests too much

Big boom booms are easy.

Nuclear bomb design research since the sixties is all about making them as clean and low yield as possible. These two goals are counters to each other, but once you've mastered it your nuclear arsenal becomes less of a garage queen and a lot more useful.

The judiciary doesn't have to be capped. Thats on Congress

Nationwide injunctions are going the way of the dodo

If they're identical and in phase, the addition is obviously a multiplication by 2 -> 6dB.

If they're unrelated the signals can also cancel out. So not 6bB. If not 6 dB then what is it? An integral that has already been solved for us :D

Almost ten years ago I wanted to draw out the first thirty numbers in factored groups as shown here. It was to put in my baby daughters bedroom.

Never got around to it. This is timely, as she's factoring in school now.

The US spends, per capita, more public funds on education and health care than any other industrialized nation in the world.

Some of the worse performing schools in the US have the most per capita funding.

Or kidnapped children

If the commenters are discussing diverting enough meteors to terraform Venus, there's enough fantasy to consider using nukes to apply the necessary torque to speed the orbit up

Of course it is. We're just told differently until a leaker proves differently. Twenty years too late to do anything about it

"That's still quite a bit better than diesel engines, where for realistic engines you're talking about 40% _in ideal conditions_" and so on

Which is where hybrid drive trains and PWM comes in. Run the engine at its ideal and only at its ideal with no care for the actual load requested.

Furthermore I mentioned CNG - ie methane. Methane has more energy per CO2 gram than any hydrocarbon and has an insanely high octane number -> it can run an Otto cycle at diesel compression ratios.

Run it as a miller cycle and the thermal efficiency starts to go up even highed.

Really my 40% is a low ball of what is possible in ICEs to not offend anyone's preconceptions. F1 claims to have achieved >50% thermal efficiency in a race engine but Im usually loath to mention that because of their secrecy and therefore lack of indee verification.

And no one talks that lines and transmission is lossy. No one talks that dispach-able power is often coal or oil. No one talks about the environmental and social cost of batteries.

Hybrids ameliorate (the most, btw) just about every aspect of this while minimizing external costs

Oh, Im sorry I think I mis interpreted you.

You want to talk about the crypto, not why the pointy stick is in Paris. Then we're in agreement

But the article is about the crypto message.

Yet it also mentions why the obelisk is in Paris: a gift from the, Muslim, Ottoman, ruler of Egypt to France.

And speed.

So many problems would go away if we drastically lowered vehicle speeds. For starters we could drive lighter built cars.

Its not obvious to me that EV buses (or any EV vehicle, frankly) make sense. [1]

Hybrid and CNG make a lot of sense though.

[1] Run the math and hybrids come ahead of EVs in personal vehicles for GHG emissions. For buses it would be more skewed in favor of hybrids.

The problem with buses is that utilization is very low. Most buses, most of the time, run near empty.

This also significantly i creases their overall passenger mile GHG emissions.

Hybrid buses and CNG probably make sense. But I doubt, fully electric buses make sense: as long as dispatch-able power (ie your marginal producer) is a thermal plant you get 60ish% thermal efficiency at best minus transformer and transmission losses.

A bus engine for use in a hybrid can be made more than 40% efficient (miller cycle, high compression, high octane CNG, full throttle PWM operation, etc).

Im in favor of raising the gas tax to fully cover road maintenance.

We're back to square one - it doesn't cover the $100/hr that a cleaner has to subsidize. Give me a proposal, or an explanation, that makes this fair and Ill agree.

Let's agree that the service should be subsidized. Let's establish that Im amenable to a free service 100% tax payer.

I am, in fact amenable to this.

How do you establish fairness though?

Best case scenario, say in the US ex-NYC, you will always have 20-40% of people needing to ride their cars because the tails of the distribution are prohibitively expensive.

Nor are these people necessarily wealthy - the economically wealthiest class of people are urban dinks.

So how to do you establish fairness to this 20-40% of people subsidizing the others?

Is it surprising though?

Without looking up the data, off the top of my head.

The bus driver needs a commercial license with air brakes, is a public employee and has benefits.

He has to be making 75k/year + overhead. Let's say overhead is 50%

$56.25 / hr.

Then there's the diesel cost. A large bus must get ~ 10 mpg highway, but a city bus is all stop and go - disastrous for a vehicle as massive as a bus. Let's say it gets 4 mpg.

$4/gal diesel * 30 mph average speed / 4 mpg = $30 / hr on diesel.

We're at $86.26/hr.

You could argue my driver makes too much, and my mpg is too low, but I havent included:

- routine maintenance

- fixing broken vehicles

- cleaning

- amortization

So, play with the numbers if you will; but $100/hr has to be a good, round estimate, for running costs.