I lived in an apartment in Frankfurt that still had this. The bathtub/shower was in the kitchen with just a curtain separating it (toilet with sink was in a separate room). With two roommates in the apartment, it made for some awkward moments, but you get used to it.
Your definition is much closer to Rawls’s vision of a just society and the “veil of ignorance.” While heavily influenced by Kant, Rawls comes much later.
Kant’s Categorical Imperative was an attempt to define moral laws (without resorting to a deity). The article has it right, though I might change the wording slightly to say that a “rule” or “law” that I use to guide my behavior is only moral if its universal adoption would make the world better.
Choosing to be a philosopher is not a rule. Something like, “I should never lie” is a rule which one could evaluate with Kant’s approach, by asking whether if everyone followed that rule, society be better off or not.
This reminds of the time I decided to teach one of my kids about computer programming, and suggested we write a program to solve a rubik's cube as an example (rubik's cubes were popular at her school at the time). Only after we had written a really simple depth-first search did I realize that it would take several lifetimes to run. Great lesson, but not the one I meant to impart!
As an American growing up in the late 70s/early 80s, we called all die-cast metal cars “matchbox cars,” even though many (all?) of them were Hot Wheels. I never knew there were two competing brands.
This situation is not any different from a ticket issued by a speed camera. Since the camera can’t tell who is driving, the fine is issued to the owner of the vehicle (determined by the license plate). The owner is legally responsible for the fine. The only difference between a speed camera ticket and a ticket given by an officer in person is that the speed camera does not result in penalties for driving infraction (eg points on a license or license suspension) only fines.
A ticket to a driverless taxi should work the same way; the citation goes to the owner of the vehicle.
The Leidenfrost effect is also one explanation often given for why walking on hot coals without burning your feet is possible. The theory is that the sweat on your feet evaporates creating a vapor barrier that insulates the feet from heat.
Interesting that the CIA conclusion for a device very similar to the article is "Not recommended for operational use due to its discomfort and very slight gain in speed over that of a swimmer equipped with fins."
I wish PG was right about this, but there are plenty of examples of frauds that were not conspicuous and took in lots of thoughtful people (Bernie Madoff being one of the most obvious and public examples).
Not plugging it in does not mean the battery is not used, it just means that the battery is always charged by the gasoline engine in the car, rather than from the electric grid
The funny about this is that despite all the beautiful pictures, it would probably be a very unpleasant boat to ride in. Submarines by design are not very stable on the surface (think of a cylinder that rolls vs the v-shape of a surface ship that keeps it upright). But underwater, it only does 12 knots. So you have to choose between going really slow or having a smooth ride.
so are Americans trying to say Eichhörnchen (the German word for squirrel). I’ve used that as an icebreaker for kids in a German-American exchange program - both groups trying to say the word in the other’s language.
It's also worth noting that names weren't as fixed in the past as we think of them now. Just as English words didn't have consistent spellings until at least the 1600s and often later, names didn't either (meaning a son spelled his last name differently from how his father spelled it). It was also common to change your name completely after moving to a new country. One example is the many French immigrants to England during the Huguenot persecution of the 1500s that changed their French surnames into English translations of those names.
I am not as familiar with 19th and early 20th C immigration to the US, but I would imagine some of those factors were still true then as well (both creating new names and changing spelling of existing names, the latter certainly influenced by the double-digit illiteracy rates of foreign-born residents in the US up until at least the 1940s).
As for names changing in the actual process of immigration, I've worked recently with a number of refugees and seen the challenge of registering a name in the US that is written in a different character set (eg Arabic or Chinese). These names are recorded as a transliteration into the English alphabet, which is then the person's legal name in the US forever. So that definitely still happens quite a bit.
When I worked for the Navy, we hosted a human-powered submarine race in one of the model basins where we normally tested new ship designs. Anyone could enter but it was mostly university engineering teams. It was great fun to see the homemade designs people came up with and built (and were willing to dive in!) - there some good ones but also some hilariously bad ones. A submarine that can be steered accurately under propulsion is harder to build than a lot of people realize. The most common failure arose from the assumption that a submarine will stay “upright,” forgetting that it can roll in the water (and will unless there is some control surface or ballast preventing it). Thankfully, it was a controlled environment with Navy divers on hand, so we didn’t lose anyone, but a few had to be pulled out.
yes, I used Outlook desktop for both work (2 O365 accounts with different organizations) and personal email (multiple gmail accounts). With a job change, I am no longer on O365 (new company uses hosted gmail), but I understand there is a plugin for Thunderbird to work with O365.
I much prefer having the same client for all my email accounts, and Outlook worked for that purpose. It was better for O365 calendaring within the office, but it did not play well with google calendar. Thunderbird plays well with both (with a plugin for O365).
After 20+ years on Outlook, I recently switched to Thunderbird. Not quite as full featured and a little slow at times, but it’s finally a viable replacement for Outlook.
While I agree with your characterization of debt v. equity capital (e.g. VC money), it is important to recognize that what are strengths of debt from an entrepreneur's standpoint (limited upside, no control) are weaknesses from an investor standpoint. That's why debt is only applicable up to a certain level of risk. Lenders won't lend to a raw startup with no history; the upside even with relatively high interest rates doesn't make up for the downside. Only equity offers the risk-reward tradeoff necessary to attract investors in those situations, hence venture capital.
That's also why equity-like investing in some form or another has been around for centuries (e.g. whaling ships), and Venture Capital in essentially the same form as today has been in the US at least since the 40s.
There's a good biography of Milton - "Poet of Revolution" by Nicholas McDowell. Really fascinating to see how he was educated in England ca. 1600 (e.g. having to debate in Latin, as well as write any of a variety of poetic forms in Latin and Greek).
Note that Riis's results were before the 50% hematocrit limit (he was nicknamed "Mr 60%'). Hematocrit is a measure of the hemoglobin content, or oxygen carrying capacity, of the blood. So, even though later cyclists were also blood doping or using EPO, they have been limited to a 50% hematocrit, and that may explain why Riis's power output has not been matched.
I get where you are coming from (and take no offense). If I understand your intent correctly, you are right that I should be more generous to teachers. In the context of larger educational challenges (and a recovery from the pandemic), I did not mean to suggest that teachers’ intimate familiarity with Shakespeare should be a high priority in our schools, merely that in a perfect world (without other challenges), students would learn Shakespeare better (which I think would be a benefit) from teachers that know the material.
Sadly, our educational system has much deeper challenges than that, and I didn’t mean to suggest otherwise. The conversation was about Shakespeare specifically and how his works are taught, not the broader state of education.