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tlb

21,043 karma · joined October 9, 2006

http://tlb.org

http://visibot.com

tlb@ycombinator.com

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tlb··on Ask HN: Developers cloned my student project in 2 weeks. Why?
Talk to the users and ask them.
tlb··on Show HN: SNKV – SQLite's B-tree as a key-value store (C/C++ and Python bindings)
What's the evidence that this is vibe-coded? Or trash?
tlb··on Large study finds link between cannabis use in teens and psychosis later
Whether or not cannabis makes psychosis more likely isn't proven, but your N=1 study illustrates how bad it often is. People should know that psychosis isn't just having some weird ideas, but often destroys lives and families.
tlb··on The Sling: Humanity's Forgotten Power
A naive estimate of accuracy is that, at a rotation speed of 5/sec (1800 degrees/sec) a 1 ms error in release time causes a 1.8 degrees aim error, or 3 yards at 100 yards. You could hit the broad side of a barn, but not a buffalo.

But humans can’t reliably time things to 1 ms, and good slingers aim better than that, so there’s more to the technique than the naive version.

tlb··on We rendered and embedded one million CAD files
Several searches I tried produced terrible results with no objects matching the description on the first page:

  M8x30 SHCS
  Lathe chuck
  19" rack mount blank plate
The thumbnail descriptions are dominated by boilerplate, such as "The depicted object consists of a wall-mounted shelf unit featuring a rectangular back"

The long descriptions are full of irrelevant fluff and don't answer basic questions like what size it is. For example, on a screw:

> The model features a hexagonal socket head cap screw, characterized by its cylindrical shaft and a larger, flared hexagonal head. The head's interior is designed to accommodate a hex key, allowing for easy installation and removal. The shaft tapers slightly towards the tip, providing an elongated profile. The smooth surface indicates precision engineering, suitable for applications requiring a strong and secure fastening. The overall design emphasizes functionality while ensuring compatibility with various tools and mechanical setups.

A broad search "vise" returns a long list of identical, very eccentric, vises the likes of which I've never seen before.

tlb··on xAI joins SpaceX
Once you dig up the top kilometer of a planet's crust, what's under your feet? The next kilometer!

That would suck to do to Earth, but we can launch all of Mars's mass into the swarm.

tlb··on xAI joins SpaceX
The burned propellant and oxygen mass (as H2O and CO2) almost all ends up back in the atmosphere when you launch to LEO, so you can keep running electrolysis (powered by solar) to convert it back to fuel.
tlb··on xAI joins SpaceX
The energy to build the system comes from the partial assembled system, plus some initial bootstrap energy. It grows exponentially. We seem to have enough today to build small factories in orbit.

The manufacturing scale comes from designing factory factories. They aren't that far in the future. Most factory machinery is made in factories which could be entirely automated, so you just need some robots to install machines into factories.

tlb··on xAI joins SpaceX
People can build a factory that makes satellites. And then a factory that makes factories to make satellites.

There is plenty of material in the solar system (see my other response), and plenty of orbits, and launch capability can scale with energy harvested so the launch rate can grow exponentially.

Lots of people will probably decide they don't want any more satellites. But it only takes a few highly determined people to get it done anyway.

tlb··on xAI joins SpaceX
The inner planets contain enough mass to create a shell of 1 AU radius with mass of 42 kg/m^2. That sounds like a plausible thickness and density for a sandwich of photovoltaics - GPUs - heat sinks.

You don't build a rigid shell of course, you build a swarm of free-floating satellites in a range of orbits.

See https://www.aleph.se/Nada/dysonFAQ.html#ENOUGH for numbers.

tlb··on xAI joins SpaceX
What do you think the limiting factor is? I don't see why we can't scale manufacturing of satellites up as far as we want. If we mine out a substantial fraction of the mass of the earth, we can go harvest asteroids or something.
tlb··on TIL: Apple Broke Time Machine Again on Tahoe
If you set Time Machine to use encrypted backups, it will create a fake disk that's really a directory tree with a bunch of gigabyte-sized binary chunks. This is safer because it doesn't require the file system to support anything fancy like symlinks or case-insensitive unicode file names. One downside is that restoring to anything other than a Mac is nontrivial.
tlb··on Judge order bars feds from altering or destroying evidence in Pretti shooting
https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/poli... has a list of police body cam retention policies. 90 days is pretty common, though it ranges from 30 days to 5 years.

Documents are kept longer. But a court needs to think about the shortest possible retention time that any agency might have for any kind of evidence.

tlb··on Judge order bars feds from altering or destroying evidence in Pretti shooting
Deleting data according to a pre-defined schedule (often 90 days) is legitimate and standard. It's good that agencies do this, to limit exposure due to data breaches. And it's normal for courts to issue a preservation order for specific data relevant to a potential case.

It'd be better if the courts could actually deal with the case now instead of in 1-5 years, but alas.

tlb··on Using PostgreSQL as a Dead Letter Queue for Event-Driven Systems
I think the PG designers would be surprised by the claim that it wasn't designed for this. Database designers try very hard to support the widest possible range of uses.

If all queue actions are failing instantly, you probably want a separate throttle to not remove them from the Kafka queue, since you'd rather keep them there and resume processing them normally instead of from the DLQ when queue processing is working again. In fact, the rate limit implicitly enforced by adding failure records to the DLQ helps with this.

tlb··on UK House of Lords Votes to Extend Age Verification to VPNs
All of which is arguably true, but misses the point that uploading your age verification documents to every social media site you might want to look at is very likely to result in them getting hacked and leaked.

Working with startups, I've signed up for 100s of sites. My password manager lists 550. Those signups are currently low-risk: just my email (already widely public) and a random password. But it would put a big chill on my work if I had to upload government age verification docs to each one.

tlb··on SpaceX lowering orbits of 4,400 Starlink satellites for safety's sake
Right, if there's something like a small hole in a pressure tank, it's very unlikely to be aligned exactly with the CG, so the tank will spin around and the net thrust will be near zero.

If a pressure tank splits in half, both halves will fly away but that's a very inefficient way of using the energy in the gas, so the added velocity will be a small fraction of the speed of sound in the gas, which is 1/6 of orbital speed for hydrogen, less for any other gas.

You can't really get much of a chemical explosion because the fuel and oxidizer both disperse very quickly in space.

tlb··on SpaceX lowering orbits of 4,400 Starlink satellites for safety's sake
At the speeds we're familiar with, basketballs and golf balls have elastic collisions. At orbital speeds, satellites are nearly inelastic. So fragment exit velocities lie between the two initial velocities, kv1 + (1-k)v2 for some k that depends on where each fragment came from. If they're colliding, the velocities must be somewhat different, so the weighted average speed has to be lower than orbital speed. So fragments usually don't survive many orbits.
tlb··on SpaceX lowering orbits of 4,400 Starlink satellites for safety's sake
You could launch some missiles, blow a few satellites into smithereens, and gradually over the next few months they would take out the others. That's a poor kind of war weapon. An effective weapon is one where you can inflict damage continuously, and are able to stop immediately upon some concession. If you can't offer to stop in return for concessions, you won't get any.
tlb··on Michelangelo's first painting, created when he was 12 or 13
If you're copying from another painting, you don't paint a figure and then decide to move it a centimeter to the left. But original paintings often have such changes.
tlb··on AI Destroys Institutions
The American press isn't perfectly free, but you should see what a state-controlled press is like.
tlb··on The 500k-ton typo: Why data center copper math doesn't add up
No one will ever agree on when AI systems have equivalent functionality to a human brain. But lots of jobs consist of things a computer can now do for less than 100W.

Also, while a body itself uses only 100W, a normal urban lifestyle uses a few thousand watts for heat, light, cooking, and transportation.

tlb··on Germany's Merz admits nuclear exit was strategic mistake
The opposite. The (unsubstantiated and probably false) claim is that the Green party was helped or funded by Russian energy companies, who benefited by Germany shutting down its nuclear plants.
tlb··on The 500k-ton typo: Why data center copper math doesn't add up
Checking the arithmetic in every paper published seems like an good use case for LLMs. Has someone built a better version than uploading a PDF to ChatGPT and asking it to check the arithmetic?
tlb··on UK secures record supply of offshore wind projects
It's rare for there to be little wind in the North Sea. It's only a couple days a month when it's below 1/3 capacity. And it's negatively correlated with solar: a day that's both cloudy and low-wind is very rare.

But it does happen, so you need backups. The good news is that natural gas backup generators are fairly cheap per peak megawatt. Most of the cost is drilling wells, liquifying gas, shipping it, unloading it, etc. All those other costs are much lower because the generators only run a small fraction of the time.

If you go to https://winderful.uk and set the date range to a year, you can get a sense of how many long dips there are.

tlb··on Are two heads better than one?
Sailors had a lot of harmful sayings.

It's possible to navigate without being able to measure your longitude. Like if you're looking for an island, you should first navigate to the correct latitude and then sail along that latitude until you hit the island. The route is longer, obviously. But that's what you should do if your chronometers disagree.

tlb··on Kernel bugs hide for 2 years on average. Some hide for 20
My conclusion is that microkernels offer some protection from random reboots, but not much against hacking

Say the USB system runs in its own isolated process. Great, but if someone pwns the USB process they can change disk contents, intercept and inject keystrokes, etc. You can usually leverage that into a whole system compromise.

Same with most subsystems: GPU, network, file system process compromises are all easily leveraged to pwn the whole system.

tlb··on A prediction market user made $436k betting on Maduro's downfall
Given that inside information makes prediction markets more accurate, why do you believe it doesn't make stock markets more accurate?

If, say, Enron insiders could've shorted their own stock, that would have improved accuracy and thereby diverted more funding to more productive enterprises.

I guess there could be second-order effects when insiders can actually change the outcome, which is why athletes aren't allowed to bet on their own games.

tlb··on Finland detains ship and its crew after critical undersea cable damaged
Nations have a tipping point where the violent minority can take power if there are enough of them. "Enough" might be only 10%. So a nation with 10% violent people is violent, while a nation with 9% violent people is peaceful.

It would be very hard to notice the difference between 10% and 9% by just meeting people. You'd have to meet and evaluate 1000s to measure it accurately enough. But you sure do notice the difference as a neighboring country when the tanks roll in.

So you do sometimes have to say things about nations despite it only reflecting a statistically small difference in people.

tlb··on Getting bitten by Intel's poor naming schemes
Fixed, thanks
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