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Realistically, we have to assume this, given the fact that this is the approach used by the "five eyes".

It would guess not because the deal is that Germany is getting software for data. They are not being trusted with large amounts of data from the NSA.

However the 5 Eyes share data freely with each other, and while there is no verification I would be shocked if the US did not file warrants against US citizens based on the testimony of analysts from the other 4. And once there is a warrant, of course, then the US can cheerfully look at its own data and see what they were told could be seen.

My expectation is that this happens, and happens frequently. And not just for terrorism.

That's the deal with GCHQ, why would the BND be any different?

The deal isn't with the BND it's with the BfV which is for German interior issues only so spying outside of Germany is theoretically unlikely.

[even though my guess would be that a similar deal with the BND is in place as well]

Safe to assume deal is in place with both, yes.