Why not "improve education and rights for people globally"?
Rights for women have a well established and proven track record of counterbalancing the deficiencies of the so called "patriarchy", a term I loathe but I don't know how else to frame this particular point. Rights for women often revolve around things like maternity leave, which helps protect both the health of the child and the career of the mother. So I make statements like the above in spite of not self-identifying as a feminist because it is the most proven method I know of for moving things forward.
The policy is very powerful in at least two ways: Firstly, it allows parents to focus all their energy and resources on raising and educating a single child. Then secondly, because Chinese people have fewer children, the assets in China will be inherited by fewer people which means a higher net worth per capita for the next generation.
This policy will hurt China for decades.
I'm not sure you can do that and still enforce such a policy.
You don't need to start fighting religion to help the poor; religion has provided, for many, the most effective means of getting out poverty. Also, going in to a place and starting a fight against the local religion (be it Catholicism, Islam, neo-Jobsian technocracy) is a good way to be ignored by the people your trying to help.