Not gonna lie. I thought this was a reference to how long you can leave food on the ground before picking it up and eating it.
The instant food falls to the ground it's going to pick up any dust / mites / microbes, so it will be no less and no more infected after 5 seconds. It's perplexing to me, what mental model explains how the food is cleaner during the first 4 seconds on the ground?
Edit: the Wikipedia article is pretty clear that any bacteria attach basically immediately (each of the cases when tested showed no difference after 5 seconds).