Clojure, for example, permits AOT byte-code delivery of your project. So with a AOT compiled clojure.main jar on the class path, Clojure should theoretically work if you could interpret the byte-code at runtime as a fallback. In the absence of an interpreter, Clojure should also work if you do not rely on `eval` or any other functions which depend on the byte-code compiler at runtime.
This of course assumes their compilation model is compliant with whatever version of the JVM specification the Clojure compiler targets. IIRC it should be compatible back to Java 6, so Clojure might not work without some tweaks to this project's compiler.
(Disclaimer: I am not involved with the project.)
True that RoboVM does carry over a lot of Android's bloat and quite a few cross platform bugs and broken implementations. E.g. SQLite thread safety, broken java.net stack etc.
Oh and its also closed source now ;-)