It's fairly hard to give a list of links and tell you „here is how you'd learn”. If that's the approach you're looking for, most likely there are some books for absolute beginners (take a look on "For Dummies" series)

But in very vague terms, you will do it exactly like you'd learn to code:

- start reading why/how electricity works[1];

- start making basic circuits with light bulbs or small motors (light bulbs NOT leds) with various switches and try to understand how/why is (not) working;

- start reading to see what basic components are doing: resistors, transistors, diodes, capacitors, transformators/coils; what they do, why they do.

- start combining basic components with the above light bulb. See what happens if you add a resistor or a diode, what a capacitor do and stuff like that.

Jumping from the very begining to arduino boat will only leads to major frustration overtime.

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[1] http://www.instructables.com/id/Electronics-for-Absolute-Beg...

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If you want to also practice, make this as step 1:

- get a soldering iron and some old boards (from an old TV, old radio, stuff that are not build only by integrated circuits) and start exercising (de)sorldering.