In the UK, it's pretty simple: "You may enter a yellow box junction when your exit is clear and there is enough space on the other side of the junction for your vehicle to clear the box completely without stopping."
It's not complicated. It just requires an incentive (don't break the rule, don't pay a 1000 GBP fine).
https://tfl.gov.uk/modes/driving/red-routes/rules-of-red-rou...
There will always be that driver who attempts to change lanes mid-intersection to get into an opening first; that's part of what motivates American drivers to enter the intersection before their exit is clear.
(Lane changes within the intersection are illegal in the US, but rarely enforced.)
American drivers also accelerate quickly only to brake desperately, which creates "openings" for rapid lane changes as well as more trouble staying out of intersections. In spite of higher accidents, more fuel costs, and even occasional tickets (for not signalling properly), this is a persistent driver behavior in many areas like California.
Lost count of the number of times I have been almost run down on pedestrian crossings but it's much better now than it was.
One thing that is very good here is that everyone gets out of the way of emergency vehicles very promptly.
My biggest pet peeve is that many people don't seem to understand slip roads and tailgating is rife. Also that patience is a virtue, if I'm in the middle of a 3 point turn on a country road then don't drive around me, just wait the 4 more seconds it will take me complete the maneuver. And parallel parking, don't get me started.