I routinely run spatial analysis queries on a 400NM buffer around a large US airport and have spent many hours improving the efficiency of the queries due to the long run times on the largest RDS instances available. Running it for the entire national air space would be a significant project.

Edit: I pulled one random day of data - using the data source with the least frequent reporting period (ATC Center - one point every 12s) there were ~ 600,000 data points for one day of operations that arrived or departed from our facility (overflights or GA to smaller airports are easily another 15%. This is also clipped at a 400NM radius). Annualized that would ~220 million data points. If you are looking at ground noise then you would probably want to merge in the approach radar data which is approximately one point every 3 seconds for a ~60NM radius. We often run multiple years at a time. It might not be "big data" by the standards of some on HN but it's significant for many GIS shops!