For most of the last three years I've worked on Nylas Mail (https://github.com/Nylas/Nylas-mail), and it hit 2.0 yesterday with Mac/Win/Linux support. It's entirely open source (GPL), written in JavaScript, syncs mail locally, etc. It essentially -is- what the author of the post is looking to build, except it doesn't look like Thunderbird. Nylas put at least $2M+ worth of engineering time into it, and I imagine ThunderbirdJS would take at least a similar commitment of time and effort. Heck, maybe they could just skin Nylas Mail and call it Thunderbird ;-)