File storage: Swarm, and several other file storage protocols getting integrated with Ethereum.

Computation: pretty much the whole point of the Ethereum VM, plus there are a couple projects that put proofs on the blockchain of larger computations than the blockchain can handle.

Prediction markets: Gnosis and Augur

Efficiency: at least developer efficiency, in my experience

Economic layer: because you have reliable currencies on the network, both ETH and roll-your-own.

It might sound like buzzwords but at this point it's all real code.