It seems like the OP really wants to use a database instead of a file system.
Ken Batcher (maybe of OSU?) wrote a quote that the rest of us have been using for years: "Supercomputers are a tool for converting a CPU-bound problem into a HPC-bound problem."
The filesystems start to look more like databases over time, but it's not like they can throw down a nice Cassandra cluster and have it pick up the slack. I'm not saying it will never happen, but I don't think it's am option at the moment.