Even though Google could recreate the whole Patreon system, they'd be forced to start with a customer base of zero and risk pissing off Patreon's customers and creators by trying to get in between them.
Also, as others have pointed out, Patreon is not just Youtube. Google tried to clone a product and a network before, with Google+, so they know how difficult that can be.
Youtube is still secondary to Twitch when it comes to serious online gaming streams. I guess Youtube has a big "Lets play" audience, but that hasn't really eaten into Twitch's core audience.
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The thing about Patreon is that its multi-medium. I've seen good video games, webcomics, books, AND yes, Youtube Channels, which are funded through Patreon.
Unless people start selling their Art, Video Games, Books, Webcomics and so forth on Youtube, I think Patreon will be fine.