In London, efforts have been made to make buses and trains accessible for the blind and the mobility impaired, but there are also a couple of public schemes specifically for them. Taxicard makes it easy to arrange taxi trips, and subsidises them:

https://tfl.gov.uk/modes/taxis-and-minicabs/taxicard-and-cap...

Dial-a-ride is a shared minibus:

https://tfl.gov.uk/modes/dial-a-ride/

As the names hint, they have been running for years and years. I am lucky enough not to need them, and can't comment on how good they are, but i think it demonstrates that a sensible public transport authority can help less able people have the same freedom to travel as everyone else.