Same here. Had to switch to dockerized mariadb for local tests, because migrations wouldn't work.
Where possible I much prefer to spin up a version of my target database in a tempdir but "faster test cycles" is sometimes worth accepting the trade-offs.
Since you were nominally optimizing for migration, a zoom-out perspective may be to note that upgrading SQLite3 versions vs. upgrading major RDBMS versions is trivial/fast, relatively rarely required, also cohabitation of multiple versions works a lot easier, any kind of CI/CD process is going to be orders of magnitude faster and use much less CPU/memory/disk space, which means smaller build artifacts and thus faster transfer/download.