In today's world not only is SSN vital to everyday life, it is also ironically one of the least secure means to establish ID. Having your SSN out in the public is potential financial ruin, and we generally need to hand out that number to various private organization, and individuals. And if the Equifax leaks are any indication SSNs are the weakest link in society.
Biometrics can be trusted only as far as one can trust the source of the biometric info being provided. If you're getting biometric info as digital images, you'd have to be sure the images came directly from the person, only for this validation, and (if you want to use this validation for authentication) voluntarily.
The first two can be achieved only if the biometrics are given straight to the government's biometric verification authority, instead of whatever service needs to verify your id taking them and passing them on to the government. The latter is like giving your Facebook username and password to a third-party just so they can verify your Facebook account, the former is like an SSO service.
I have not seen a single SSO-like implementation of biometric Aadhaar verification in India.
And, of course, the third requirement cannot be fulfilled; biometrics are not passwords.
As for the later part I feel that, again, the DMV already takes our biometric data, and I would think the same could apply for people in India. Someone is issuing passports, someone has to create valid means of identification. I mean how else is the government dispensing welfare, social aid, or making sure they're accounting for taxes properly.
Looking at how the Aadhar authentication process works indeed the biometric data is being validated by the government.
I'm not sure what country you live in, but US citizens most certainly are not required to give their fingerprints to the DMV or Customs/Immigration when flying internationally.
But anyway, off the top of my head:
http://www.nytimes.com/1989/02/05/us/3-accused-of-murder-in-...
>The police later discovered that a thumbprint from the corpse did not match the one on Mr. Hanson's California driver's license.
"Fingerprints, including thumbprint, are collected by DMV for added security to your driver license information"
-- https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/dmv/detail/dl/how_info_shared
If your experience is different (I may be misreading your response), maybe it varies by office or it's been a while since you've registered in a DMV office in CA?